Search results for " GC"

showing 10 items of 86 documents

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Prangos ferulacea Essential Oils

2022

Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl, which belongs to the Apiaceae family, is a species that mainly grows in the eastern Mediterranean region and in western Asia. It has been largely used in traditional medicine in several countries and it has been shown to possess several interesting biological properties. With the aim to provide new insights into the phytochemistry and pharmacology of this species, the essential oils of flowers and leaves from a local accession that grows in Sicily (Italy) and has not yet been previously studied were investigated. The chemical composition of both oils, obtained by hydrodistillation from the leaves and flowers, was evaluated by GC-MS. This analysis allowed us to …

(Z)-β-ocimenePrangos ferulaceaantimicrobial activityApiaceae; <i>Prangos ferulacea</i>; (<i>Z</i>)-<i>β</i>-ocimene; GC-MS; antioxidant activity; antimicrobial activityOrganic ChemistryPharmaceutical Scienceantioxidant activityAntioxidantsAnalytical ChemistryAnti-Bacterial AgentsPlant LeavesAnti-Infective AgentsChemistry (miscellaneous)Drug DiscoveryOils VolatileMolecular MedicinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGC-MSSicilyApiaceae
researchProduct

New results in ancient Maya rituals researches: The study of human painted bones fragments from Calakmul archaeological site (Mexico)

2020

Abstract The funeral chambers of the ancient city of Calakmul (Mexico) and the individuals who were buried in them have brought in recent decades new knowledge about the beliefs and funeral customs of the pre-Hispanic Maya. Tombs and bodies were prepared as part of the rituals that should favor the return of ch'ulel to the Underworld, known as Xibalba by the ancient Maya. The ch'ulel is one of the two anemic entities that inhabit the individual, equivalent to our concept of the soul. Bodies preparation included coloured scented body ointments application, with a deep symbolic connotation and probably also a conservative purpose. The aim of this research was to characterize pigments and bind…

010506 paleontologyArcheologyAncient citymedia_common.quotation_subjectCalakmulMortuary ceremoniesTransmitted lightClassic periodHuman bone01 natural sciencesNatural gumSEM-EDXMaya0601 history and archaeologyGC–MSSettore CHIM/12 - Chimica dell'Ambiente e dei Beni Culturali0105 earth and related environmental sciencesmedia_commonPainted dead bodies060102 archaeologyHevea Brasilliensis06 humanities and the artsArtArchaeologyPy-GC-MSOrganic fractionCinnabarMayaOrganic componentMaya Calakmul Classic period Painted dead bodies Mortuary ceremonies SEM-EDX GC–MS Py-GC-MS Natural gum Hevea BrasilliensisAncient maya
researchProduct

Evolutionary Trends in the Mitochondrial Genome of Archaeplastida: How Does the GC Bias Affect the Transition from Water to Land?

2020

[EN] Among the most intriguing mysteries in the evolutionary biology of photosynthetic organisms are the genesis and consequences of the dramatic increase in the mitochondrial and nuclear genome sizes, together with the concomitant evolution of the three genetic compartments, particularly during the transition from water to land. To clarify the evolutionary trends in the mitochondrial genome of Archaeplastida, we analyzed the sequences from 37 complete genomes. Therefore, we utilized mitochondrial, plastidial and nuclear ribosomal DNA molecular markers on 100 species of Streptophyta for each subunit. Hierarchical models of sequence evolution were fitted to test the heterogeneity in the base…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicinegc biasMitochondrial DNANuclear geneBOTANICAPlant ScienceMitochondrial genomic pattern01 natural sciencesGenomeArticlegc content concomitance03 medical and health sciencesArchaeplastidaRibosomal DNAGeneEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsEcologybiologyArchaeplastidaStreptophytaGC biasBotanymitochondrial genomic patternEquilibrium GC frequencybiology.organism_classification030104 developmental biologyequilibrium gc frequencyEvolutionary biologyQK1-989archaeplastidaGC content concomitanceGC-content010606 plant biology & botanyPlants
researchProduct

Interspecific variation of inflorescence scents and insect visitors in Allium (Amaryllidaceae: Allioideae)

2019

Allium is a large monocotyledonous genus, with many species of high economic importance. Knowledge of the pollination biology and the chemical ecology of pollination in this genus is far from being complete. We studied flower visitors of some Allium species in their native habitat and how these interaction partners communicate by olfactory cues. Floral volatiles of five Mediterranean species were investigated by dynamic headspace and thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS). Floral visitors were observed and captured. The physiological activity of scent components in antennae of flower visitors and congeneric species was tested by gas chromatographic/electroantenno…

0106 biological sciencesPollinationPlant Science010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesEristalisLasioglossumGenusBotanyPollinationhealth care economics and organizationsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsbiologyGC/MSfungifood and beveragesInterspecific competitionbiology.organism_classificationEristalisLasioglossumChemical ecologyApisInflorescenceSettore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E ApplicataApis Eristalis Lasioglossum GC/MS GC/EAD pollinationAlliumGC/EAD010606 plant biology & botanyPlant Systematics and Evolution
researchProduct

Specific and highly efficient condensation of GC and IC DNA by polyaza pyridinophane derivatives

2018

Abstract Two bis-polyaza pyridinophane derivatives and their monomeric reference compounds revealed strong interactions with ds-DNA and RNA. The bis-derivatives show a specific condensation of GC- and IC-DNA, which is almost two orders of magnitude more efficient than the well-known condensation agent spermine. The type of condensed DNA was identified as ψ-DNA, characterized by the exceptionally strong CD signals. At variance to the almost silent AT(U) polynucleotides, these strong CD signals allow the determination of GC-condensates at nanomolar nucleobase concentrations. Detailed thermodynamic characterisation by ITC reveals significant differences between the DNA binding of the bis-deriv…

0301 basic medicineCircular dichroismStereochemistryPyridonesEnthalpySpermineCalorimetryMicroscopy Atomic ForceNucleic Acid DenaturationBiochemistryNucleobase03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundStructural BiologyPyridinophane compounds ; DNA/RNA binding ; GC-DNA condensation ; circular dichroism spectroscopyMolecular BiologyRNA Double-StrandedAnalytic ChemistryCircular DichroismOrganic ChemistryTemperatureRNAGeneral MedicineDNAChemistry030104 developmental biologyMonomerchemistryPolynucleotideNucleic Acid ConformationDNA
researchProduct

Genome-wide association study of non-alcoholic fatty liver and steatohepatitis in a histologically characterised cohort☆

2020

Background &amp; Aims: Genetic factors associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain incompletely understood. To date, most genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have adopted radiologically assessed hepatic triglyceride content as the reference phenotype and so cannot address steatohepatitis or fibrosis. We describe a GWAS encompassing the full spectrum of histologically characterised NAFLD. Methods: The GWAS involved 1,483 European NAFLD cases and 17,781 genetically matched controls. A replication cohort of 559 NAFLD cases and 945 controls was genotyped to confirm signals showing genome-wide or close to genome-wide significance. Results: Case-control analysis identified…

0301 basic medicineMaleCirrhosis17-Hydroxysteroid DehydrogenasesFibrosiVARIANTLOCIPROGRESSIONGenome-wide association studyDiseaseBioinformaticsDISEASECohort Studies0302 clinical medicineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsGWASINCREASED RISKCONFERS SUSCEPTIBILITYeducation.field_of_studyFatty liverNASHMiddle Aged3. Good healthNAFLD; NASH; Fibrosis; GWAS; PNPLA3; TM6SF2; GCKR; HSD17B13; SNPPhenotypeLiver030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleLife Sciences & BiomedicineGCKRAdultPopulationSNP610 Medicine & healthGastroenterology and HepatologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideTM6SF2HSD17B1303 medical and health sciencesNAFLDmedicineGastroenterologiHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseeducationPNPLA3Adaptor Proteins Signal TransducingScience & TechnologyGastroenterology & HepatologyHepatologybusiness.industrynutritional and metabolic diseasesMembrane ProteinsLipasemedicine.diseaseFibrosisPOLYMORPHISMLEPTIN RECEPTOR GENE030104 developmental biology3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicineCase-Control StudiesHuman medicineSteatosisSteatohepatitisbusinessTM6SF2Genome-Wide Association StudyJournal of Hepatology
researchProduct

Fragrant bioethanol: A valued bioproduct from orange juice and essential oil extraction

2018

Abstract We identify the composition of a less known, yet important bioproduct obtained in relatively high amount during orange fruit processing for juice and essential oil extraction comprised of bioethanol dissolving valued terpenes. Green cosmetic, perfume and biosolvent applications are anticipated.

3003CitrusCitruPharmaceutical ScienceBioethanol02 engineering and technologyOrange (colour)Management Monitoring Policy and Law01 natural scienceslaw.inventionTerpenechemistry.chemical_compoundlawEnvironmental ChemistryEssential oilOrange juiceLimonene010405 organic chemistryGC/MS021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPulp and paper industryBioeconomyPollution0104 chemical sciencesCitrus Limonene Bioethanol Bioeconomy GC/MSchemistryBiofuel0210 nano-technologyLimonene
researchProduct

Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oils, and Their Combinations, Obtained from Flavedo By-Product of Seven Cultivars of Si…

2022

In this work, seven Citrus aurantium essential oils (EOs) derived from flavedo of cultivars &lsquo;Canaliculata&rsquo;, &lsquo;Consolei&rsquo;, &lsquo;Crispifolia&rsquo;, &lsquo;Fasciata&rsquo;, &lsquo;Foetifera&rsquo;, &lsquo;Listata&rsquo;, and &lsquo;Bizzaria&rsquo; were investigated. EOs were also combined in 1:1 (v/v) ratio to identify possible synergism or antagonism of actions. GC-MS analysis was done to investigate Eos&rsquo; phytochemical profiles. The antioxidant activity was studied by using a multi-target approach based on FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and &beta;-carotene bleaching tests. A great difference was observed in EOs&rsquo; phytochemical profiles. d-limonene (33.35&ndash;89.17%) w…

<i>Citrus aurantium</i>; GC-MS analysis; essential oil combinations; <span style="font-variant: small-caps">d</span>-limonene; PCA analysis; global antioxidant scoreOrganic ChemistryPharmaceutical ScienceGC-MS analysid-limoneneAnalytical Chemistryglobal antioxidant scoreChemistry (miscellaneous)Drug Discoveryessential oil combinationMolecular MedicinePCA analysiPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCitrus aurantiumMolecules
researchProduct

Metabolic signatures across the full spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

2022

Funder: European Commission

ALTtype 2 diabetes mellitusROC receiving operator characteristicaspartate aminotransferaseHSDLDL low-density lipoproteinUHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyROCHCCNon-alcoholic steatohepatitisGCPCANASHGastroenterology2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acid; 3-HB 3-hydroxybutanoic acid; ALT alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase; CE cholesterol ester; Cer ceramide; FFA free fatty acid; FLIP Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progression; Fibrosis; GC gas chromatography; HCC hepatocellular carcinoma; HSD honest significant difference; LC lipid cluster; LDL low-density lipoprotein; LM lipid and metabolite; LMC lipid metabolite and clinical variable; LPC lysophosphatidylcholine; Lipidomics; Mass spectrometry; Metabolomics; NAFL non-alcoholic fatty liver; NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NAS NASH activity score; NASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research Network; NRR non-rejection rate; Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PC(O) ether PC; PC phosphatidylcholine; PCA principal component analysis; PE phosphatidylethanolamine; QTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry; ROC receiving operator characteristic; SAF steatosis activity and fibrosis; SM sphingomyelin; T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus; TG triacylglycerol; UHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographySAFSAF steatosis activity and fibrosisLM lipid and metabolitehonest significant differenceHSD honest significant differenceTG triacylglycerolnon-rejection ratecholesterol esterPCPEGC gas chromatographyfree fatty acidFLIPNASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitisNIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research NetworkBIOMARKERST2DMPE phosphatidylethanolamineLDLlipidNAFLDFFA free fatty acid2-HBMetabolomicsNAFL non-alcoholic fatty liverLMCphosphatidylcholineScience & TechnologySM sphingomyelinGastroenterology & HepatologyMass spectrometryactivitynutritional and metabolic diseasesT2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusACIDSreceiving operator characteristicdigestive system diseasesquadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryLC lipid clusterlow-density lipoproteinNAS2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acidNAS NASH activity scoreQTOFMSether PCNRRSCORING SYSTEMprincipal component analysisgas chromatographyLC2-hydroxybutanoic acidPROGRESSIONAST aspartate aminotransferaseLMPC phosphatidylcholinePC(O)MARKERSUHPLCsteatosisTOOLImmunology and AllergyINSULIN-RESISTANCECerSMFatty Liver Inhibition of Progressionhepatocellular carcinoma2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acid NIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research Network NRR non-rejection rate Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis PC(O) ether PC PC phosphatidylcholine PCA principal component analysis PE phosphatidylethanolamine QTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry ROC receiving operator characteristic SAF steatosis activity and fibrosis SM T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus TG triacylglycerol UHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyCELPC3-HBNAFLnon-alcoholic fatty liverTGtriacylglycerolNRR non-rejection rateLife Sciences & BiomedicineNAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseFLIP Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progressionalanine aminotransferasemetaboliteCer ceramideCE cholesterol estersphingomyelinlysophosphatidylcholineand fibrosisALT alanine aminotransferaseInternal MedicineceramideNational Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research NetworkAST3-HB 3-hydroxybutanoic acidQTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryPCA principal component analysisLPC lysophosphatidylcholineHepatologynon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseand clinical variablePC(O) ether PC3-hydroxybutanoic acidFibrosisNASH activity scoreNIDDK NASH-CRNlipid clusterlipid and metabolitephosphatidylethanolamineLipidomicsLMC lipid metabolite and clinical variableFFAHCC hepatocellular carcinomaJHEP reports : innovation in hepatology
researchProduct

Detection of gamma-hydroxybutyrate in hair: Validation of GC–MS and LC–MS/MS methods and application to a real case

2012

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method were validated for quantifying endogenous and exogenous hair concentrations of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). The GC-MS method is based on overnight extraction of 25 mg hair in NaOH at 56 °C, liquid/liquid extraction in ethylacetate and trimethylsylil derivatization; analysis is by electron ionization and single ion monitoring of three ions. The LC-MS/MS method entails a rapid digestion of 25 mg hair with NaOH at 75 °C for 40 min, liquid/liquid extraction in ethylacetate and reconstitution of the extract in the LC mobile phase; negative ion electrospray ionization and multiple…

AdultMaleQuality ControlSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationSubstance-Related DisordersElectrospray ionizationClinical BiochemistryLiquid-Liquid ExtractionPharmaceutical ScienceAcetatesTandem mass spectrometryMass spectrometryGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryForensic ToxicologySettore MED/43 - Medicina LegaleLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometryLimit of DetectionTandem Mass SpectrometryDrug DiscoveryHumansSodium HydroxideSpectroscopyDetection limitChromatographyChemistryIllicit DrugsSelected reaction monitoringHair Segmental analysis GC–MS LC–MS/MSTemperatureReproducibility of ResultsGamma hydroxybutyrateReference StandardsSubstance Abuse DetectionGamma-hydroxybutyrate GHBCalibrationLinear ModelsCrimeGas chromatography–mass spectrometrySodium OxybateChromatography LiquidHair
researchProduct